Players can negotiate different bonuses into their contracts and while they often get reported, the variety and mechanics of player bonuses are not often explained. This post will explain the different types of player bonuses, how they affect a player's cap hit, and the basics of how they work.
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Bonus means a team committed 7 fouls and that will stay a bonus on foul 7,8,9 with other team getting a one free throw and if they make that they get one more, at 10 becimes bonus plus with each foul automatic 2 free throw attempts. Bonus Rule: A running tally is made as each team accrues fouls throughout the each half. When a team has more than seven fouls, one and one free throws are awarded for every common foul thereafter. Once the team reaches 10 fouls, two free throws are awarded for every common foul thereafter. Rules for how postponed games are treated in FanDuel contests vary depending on the sport and contest type. For NFL contests, if an NFL game is postponed to a later date more than 24-hours in advance of slate lock, all players from that game will receive zero points. In each NBA quarter, a team can commit up to 4 non-shooting fouls w/o their opponent shooting free throws. Once the 5th foul occurs per quarter, the team will automatically shoot free throws with each subsequent foul as a 'bonus' for being fouled so frequently during a quarter. That is what bonus means in the NBA.
It's easiest to start with a couple of bonus rules that are applied to all bonuses. How to bet trifectas and superfectas. All players are eligible for all types of bonuses, even players who are rookies on a rookie scale contract, so long as the bonuses do not cause the player's salary to be above his max (or 120% of the rookie scale for first round picks) or count toward his minimum (except as provided in footnote [2] below). Bonuses are typically given when a player signs a new contract, though they can also be given to players who are signing a rookie or veteran extension.
Signing (and Trade) Bonuses
The basic understanding of a signing bonus is that a player receives a bonus by simply agreeing to sign a contract with a team. However, for purposes of determining a player's contract amount, a signing bonus is considered any one of the following three bonus types: (i) a bonus earned upon the player signing a contract (a 'Signing Bonus'), (ii) a bonus earned when a player is traded (a 'Trade Bonus'), and (iii) payments in excess of the Excluded International Player Payment Amount (an 'International Player Bonus').[1][2]
The cap hit for all signing bonuses is pro rated over the guaranteed years of a contract.[3][4] For example, if a player signs a fully guaranteed 4-year contract worth $2.5M per year with a $1M Signing Bonus, such player's cap hit would be $2.75M in each of the four seasons. A Trade Bonus would work the same way but would only apply to the current salary cap year when the player is traded and the remaining years left on the contract after the trade year.[5] So if the above-referenced player had a $1M Trade Bonus instead of a Signing Bonus and was traded at the beginning of year 3, his cap hit for the four years would be as follows:
| Year | Cap Hit |
| 1 | $2,500,000 |
| 2 | $2,500,000 |
| 3 | $3,000,000 |
| 4 | $3,000,000 |
For unrestricted free agents or restricted free agents signing a new contract with their current team, the maximum amount a Signing Bonus can provide for is 15% of the compensation called for by the contract, excluding other bonus amounts.[6] For restricted free agents who are signing an offer sheet from another team, the maximum amount a team can offer as a Signing Bonus is 10% of the compensation called for by the offer sheet, not including other bonus amounts. Trade Bonuses and International Player Bonuses follow the same rules – 10% of the player's contract for a restricted free agent signing an offer sheet and 15% of the player's contract for anyone else.
Offseason Participation Bonuses
Player contracts can also provide for bonuses that will be paid out if the player participates in an offseason skill and/or condition program or the one of the NBA summer leagues. The maximum amount of such bonus is 20% of the player's base compensation for the upcoming NBA season. If the bonus is dependent on participation in an offseason program, such program cannot exceed 2 weeks in length.
Of course, a lot can happen in an NBA offseason that is out of a player's control or conflicts with the participation requirements. Players can negotiate around this and give themselves carve-outs wherein a team will waive the participation requirements upon the occurrence of certain events. Any contract with offseason participation bonuses may provide a carve-out where the bonus will still be paid if (i) the team waives the participation requirement, (ii) the player trains or plays games with his national team during the offseason, or (iii) the player is injured or has any other medical condition that prevents the player's participation in a summer league or skill and conditioning program.
Performance Bonuses
Nba Foul Bonus Rules
Performance Bonuses are bonuses tied to a player's performance or achievement of a numbers based goal. These bonuses can be based on either individual or team achievements. The benchmarks, however, have to be based on hard numbers or generally recognized league honors to be valid.[7] For example, a player could have a performance bonus based on 'shooting 40% from three' but they could not have a performance bonus for 'being the best 3-point shooter in the NBA.'
Performance Bonuses are split into two categories: Likely Bonuses and Unlikely Bonuses. Likely Bonuses are bonuses based on a benchmark that was achieved by the player in the previous season. For example, if a player is coming off a season where he scored 22 ppg, and his new contract has a performance bonus if the player scores 20 ppg, this bonus would be a Likely Bonus. Unlikely Bonuses, on the other hand, are based on benchmarks that were not achieved in the player's most recent season.
Likely Bonuses are be applied to the player's salary and count against team salary. If and when the player does not achieve the stated benchmark, the amount of the Likely Bonus falls off of the player's cap hit. Unlikely Bonuses are not applied to a player's salary unless or until the player (or his team) achieves the relevant benchmark. Because Unlikely Bonuses are not immediately included in team salary but may be earned, they must fit into a team's cap space at the time of signing. In order to accurately calculate such team's cap space, all unlikely bonuses that could be paid out during the upcoming season must be considered. For example, if a team wants to sign a player to a $10M per year contract with a $1M Unlikely Bonus in year 1, the team needs to have $11M in cap space during that year. If that team has $13M in cap space and $3M in Unlikely Bonuses dedicated to current players in that year, they cannot sign a free agent for $10M plus $1M in Unlikely Bonuses.
All Performance Bonuses can be a maximum of 15% of a player's salary in a season. Over the course of a contract, Performance Bonus raises work the same as other raises applicable to the relevant player. For example, for Bird and Early Bird Free Agents, Performance Bonuses can be increased by 7.5% per year.[8] For Non-Bird Free Agents and other team's free agents, Performance Bonuses can be increased 4.5% per year.
Physical or Academic Achievement Bonuses
Player contracts can also have bonuses for achieving physical or academic benchmarks. These could be bonuses for reaching a certain weight or for earning a college degree. Boris Diaw, for example, famously had a weight-based bonus in his Spurs contract that would net him an extra $500,000 if he maintained a certain weight by different deadlines throughout the 2014-15 season.
The CBA is unclear on how these bonuses are applied or how large they can be. They are defined in the same CBA clause as the offseason participation bonuses, but the restrictions on those bonuses are not applied to Physical or Academic Achievement Bonuses. No part of the CBA mentions anything further on the rules and restrictions applied to Physical or Academic Achievement Bonuses. It is probably safe to assume, however, that they have most of the same characteristics of other bonuses or are at least not more favorable or more restrictive than any other bonus type.
Player Bonuses – Quick Summary
| Bonus Type | Maximum Amount | Salary Cap Application |
| Signing Bonus (General) | 15% of entire contract | Pro rated over # of guaranteed years |
| Signing Bonus (Offer Sheet) | 10% of entire offer sheet | Pro rated over # of guaranteed years |
| Trade Bonus (General) | 15% of entire contract | Applied if traded, Pro rated over # of guaranteed years |
| International Player Bonus (General) | 15% of entire contract | Pro rated over # of guaranteed years |
| Offseason Participation Bonus | 20% of season salary | Applied to upcoming season's salary if earned |
| Performance Bonus (Likely and Unlikely) | 15% of season salary | Likely Bonus included in salary; Unlikely Bonus applied if achieved |
| Physical or Academic Achievement Bonus | Uknown | Uknown |
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[1] The Excluded International Player Payment Amount is the amount an NBA team can pay to an international team or organization to buyout a player's international contract so he can sign with whoever holds his draft rights. These payment amounts are not included in team salary if they stay below the amount set forth in the CBA. Any money exceeding this amount is treated as a bonus to the international player and will count against the salary cap.
[2] The International Player Bonus is the only bonus that can be considered salary for the purposes of determining whether a player is paid the required minimum salary.
[3] If the contract is fully non-guaranteed (for a Signing bonus) or has no guaranteed years remaining (for a Trade bonus), the entire bonus will be applied to the team's salary cap for the first year (for a Signing bonus) or the year the player is traded (for a Trade bonus).
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[4] If the contract has an Early Termination Option (ETO), the bonus is applied to all guaranteed years of the contract except for the ETO year.
[5] Trade Bonuses are only applied the first time a player is traded. If a player has a $1M trade bonuses and is traded in Y2 and Y4 of his contract, he will only receive the $1M bonus for the Y2 trade.
[6] Of course this means that even if an NBA team doesn't care about international payments counting against their salary cap, the amount they can pay to buyout their Eurostash players is restricted to the Excluded International Player Payment Amount plus 15% of the player's contract.
[7] This includes MVP, Finals MVP, DPOY, 6MOY, Most Improved Player, All-NBA honors, NBA All-Defense honors, and being selected to the All-Star team.
[8] All raises are a percentage increase over the first year's salary or bonus and are not compounded.
In the sport of basketball, the bonus situation (also called the penalty situation) occurs when one team accumulates a requisite number of fouls, which number varies depending on the level of play. When one team has committed the requisite number of fouls, each subsequent foul results in the opposing team's taking free throws regardless of the type of foul committed (i.e., whether the foul was a shooting foul).[1] Teams under the limit are commonly referred to as having fouls to give, and thus they can try to disrupt their opponents without being penalized free throws. These fouls reset every quarter or half depending on the rules in use (i.e. FIBA, NBA, NCAA, etc.).
FIBA[edit]
Under FIBA rules, used for all competitions involving international teams and most leagues outside the U.S., the penalty is triggered when a team commits more than four fouls in a quarter; the fifth and subsequent team fouls will incur penalty free throws. All subsequent non-shooting defensive fouls committed by that team in the same quarter concede two free throws. All fouls committed by players count towards the team foul count.
Only defensive fouls are awarded free throws.
Team fouls accrue from the fourth period on, as all overtimes are extensions of it for the purpose of team foul accumulation.
FIBA 3x3[edit]
The 3-man game, known as FIBA 3x3, has a slightly different penalty rule. The penalty is triggered when a team commits more than six fouls in a game. Each penalty situation involves two penalty free throws, and the tenth and subsequent fouls will also include possession of the ball.
The bonus rule specifically supersedes the normal rules for defensive fouls on shot attempts. Instead of the 1 shot awarded on a made basket or a missed 1-point shot attempt, or the 2 free throws awarded on a missed 2-point shot attempt, 2 free throws are always awarded regardless of the result of the shot attempt.
However, as in standard basketball rules, offensive fouls (if not technical or unsportsmanlike) never result in free throws, regardless of the number of team fouls.[2]
NBA and WNBA[edit]
Team foul penalty[edit]
In the National Basketball Association and Women's National Basketball Association, bonus rules in a quarter apply starting with the fifth team foul, with a rule change preventing a team not in the penalty late in a period from committing multiple fouls without penalty. The rules on the team foul penalty are similar to the FIBA version, with three major differences:
Only defensive and loose-ball fouls count towards a team's limit for the team foul penalty. Offensive fouls do not count towards the team foul penalty unless a player is in the player foul penalty situation.[3]
The team foul penalty applies in a period after a team commits one foul in the final two minutes if the team had not reached the penalty phase in the first ten (NBA) or eight (WNBA) minutes of that period. In other words, within any period free throws are awarded starting from the fifth foul OR from the second foul in the last two minutes of the period, whichever comes earlier.[3]
If a game enters overtime, the foul counts are reset to 0, and are similarly reset before each subsequent overtime period. The penalty phase starts with the fourth foul in each overtime period rather than five for regulation periods, since overtime periods are much shorter than regular game periods (5 minutes vs. 10/12 in regulation play). As in regulation play, two free throws are awarded for non-shooting defensive fouls during the bonus period, and one foul in the final two minutes automatically puts the team in the team foul penalty.[3]
Player foul penalty[edit]
A player who commits his/her sixth (and subsequent) personal foul and must remain in the game because the team has no eligible players remaining, or a player who was the last player to commit six fouls, and with no eligible players following an injury or ejection, is called back to the game, is charged with a non-unsportsmanlike conduct technical foul, with the penalty of a single free throw, regardless of offensive or defensive foul. The player cannot be ejected for a technical foul for this situation.[4]
This type of technical foul serves in effect as a 'player foul penalty' of a bonus free throw, similar to the team foul penalty. However, this bonus free throw is awarded regardless of the foul being an offensive or defensive foul, unlike a team foul penalty, where the two free throws only applies for defensive fouls. If an offensive player commits his/her sixth or subsequent foul, is an offensive foul, and there are no eligible players available, one free throw is still awarded, in addition to possession of the ball to the team shooting the free throw.
NCAA[edit]
The bonus situation is also used in American men's college basketball, but the NCAA rules are very different from the bonus rules of the NBA. The basic bonus rules remain the same, but the limit for team fouls is six per half. Upon committing the seventh foul of the half, a team is penalized and the opposing team is awarded at least one free throw for any defensive or loose-ball foul, no matter if the foul was shooting or non-shooting (offensive fouls are never awarded free throws in the NCAA). In the case of a non-shooting foul, the opposing player must make the first free throw in order to be awarded a second free throw. This is commonly referred to as 'one-and-one'.[5] (A shooting foul is not subject to this requirement; the player will get all free throw attempts allowed by the rules regardless of the result of the preceding shot.) Beginning with the tenth foul of a half, the fouled team is awarded two free throws on non-shooting fouls regardless of whether or not the first shot is made (often referred to as the 'double bonus'). For purposes of bonus, team fouls accrue from the second half on, as all overtimes are extensions of it.[6]
Women's college basketball followed men's bonus rules until the 2015–16 season, when it adopted FIBA bonus rules: four fouls per period; two free throws on every team foul over four; team fouls accrue from the fourth period on, as all overtimes are extensions of it.[7]
The NCAA regularly uses its second-tier tournament for Division I men's teams, the National Invitation Tournament, as a testing ground for experimental rules, and the bonus situation is no exception. The following bonus-related rules have been used in the 2017, 2018, and 2019 editions:[8][9][10]
- In 2017 and 2019, both team foul counts were reset to zero at the 10-minute mark of each half (technically 9:59). In 2018, games were played in quarters, matching current practice in NCAA women's basketball, instead of the halves used in the current NCAA men's rules.
- In all three tournaments, the team foul limit was four per 10-minute block (either the virtual quarter in 2017 and 2019, or the actual quarter in 2018), identical to the NCAA women's limit for each quarter.
- Also in all three tournaments, two shots were awarded for all non-shooting defensive or loose-ball fouls upon the fifth team foul in a 10-minute block. This is also identical to the current NCAA women's rule.
- In 2017 and 2019, each overtime period was considered a separate period for accumulation of team fouls, as in the (W)NBA. The fourth team foul in an overtime period triggered the so-called 'double bonus'.
- In 2019 only, the (W)NBA rule regarding team fouls in the final 2 minutes of a quarter during regulation, or any overtime period, will be adopted between 8:00 and 10:00 and 18:00 and 20:00 of each half, as well as the final 2 minutes of any overtime.
The rules of the National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS), which govern high school basketball in the United States, follow NCAA men's rules on this point for both boys' and girls' play. Even though the NFHS rules divide the game into quarters, the team foul count resets only at halftime.
Summary[edit]
| Authority | Penalty FTs after | Team fouls reset at | Reset at overtime? | Penalty free-throws at overtime after | Free-throws attempted |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FIBA (5-on-5), NCAA (women) | 5th team foul | Quarter | No | Two | |
| FIBA (3x3) | 6th team foul | Game | No | Two; on 10th team foul, possession also awarded to non-fouling team | |
| NBA and WNBA Team Only | 5th team foul or 2nd team foul in the last two minutes of quarter if not yet in penalty by then | Quarter | Yes at every overtime period | 4th team foul or 2nd team foul in the last two minutes of overtime if not yet in penalty by then | Two |
| NBA and WNBA Players Only | 6th player foul If No eligible players remaining on bench OR Player must reenter game after six fouls because last eligible player injured. | Game | No | One, includes offensive fouls If defensive foul, team penalty also applies. On offensive fouls or fouls without additional free throws (e.g. shooting or team penalty), the shooting team retains possession of the ball. | |
| NCAA (men), NFHS | 7th team foul | Half | No | One (if first free-throw missed prior to tenth foul), or two (if first free-throw made prior to tenth foul, or after 10th foul) |
Nba Foul Bonus Rules In A Quarter
References[edit]
- ^'Basketball U: On The Penalty'. National Basketball Association. September 18, 2008. Retrieved 2009-05-02.
- ^[1]
- ^ abc'Rule No. 12: Fouls and Penalties'. National Basketball Association. January 31, 2001. Archived from the original on March 23, 2009. Retrieved 2009-05-02.
- ^'Rule No. 3: Players, Substitutes, and Coaches'. NBA.COM. National Basketball Association. Retrieved 2019-12-23.
- ^'Archived copy'. Archived from the original on 2011-10-27. Retrieved 2011-10-28.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ^'2009 NCAA Men's and Women's Basketball Rules'(PDF). NCAA. 2008. p. 124. Archived from the original(PDF) on February 6, 2009. Retrieved May 2, 2009.
Each common foul committed by the defensive team, beginning with a team's seventh foul during the half, provided that the first attempt is successful
- ^'NCAA panel approves women's basketball rule changes'. ESPN.com. Associated Press. June 8, 2015. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
- ^Brown, C.L. (February 13, 2017). 'NIT to experiment with resetting fouls every 10 minutes'. ESPN.com. Retrieved February 13, 2017.
- ^Bonagura, Kyle (February 27, 2018). 'NIT to experiment with new rules this season'. ESPN.com. Retrieved February 28, 2018.
- ^'Experimental rules to be used at 2019 NIT' (Press release). NCAA. February 22, 2019. Retrieved February 23, 2019.
Nba Bonus Rules
